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今日外刊原文
【今日美国】
在深海中被发现：不可思议的透明头鱼
Discovered in the deep: the incredible fish with atransparenthead
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在深海中被发现：不可思议的透明头鱼
In the ocean’sshadowytwilightzone, between 600 and 800 metres beneath the surface, there are fish thatgazeupwards through their transparent heads with eyes like mesmerising emerald orbs. Thesedomesare hugesphericallenses that sit on a pair of long, silvery eye tubes –henceits common name, the barreleye fish (Macropinna microstoma).
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在海洋阴暗的界限地带，即海面下600至800米处桶眼鱼，有一种鱼通过它们透明的头部向上凝视，其眼睛就像迷人的绿宝石球体。这些圆顶是巨大的球形透镜，位于一对长长的、银色的眼管上——因此它的俗名是桶眼鱼（Macropinna microstoma）。
The greentint(which actually comes from a yellowpigment) acts as sunglasses, of a sort, to help them track down theirprey. There’s nowhere to hide in the open waters of the deep ocean and many animals living here haveglowingbelliesthatdisguisetheirsilhouetteand protect them –bioluminescentprey is hard to spot against thedimblue sunlight trickling down. But barreleyes are one step ahead. Their eye pigment allows the fish to distinguish between sunlight and bioluminescence, says Bruce Robison, deep-sea biologist at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute in California. It helps barreleyes to get a clear view of the animals trying toerasetheir shadows.
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这种绿色(实际上来自一种黄色色素)在某种程度上起到了太阳镜的作用桶眼鱼，以帮助它们追踪猎物。在深海的开阔水域没有藏身之处，生活在这里的许多动物都有发光的腹部，这可以掩盖它们的轮廓并保护它们——在昏暗的蓝色阳光下，发光的猎物很难被发现。但桶眼鱼却领先一步。加利福尼亚州蒙特雷湾水族馆研究所的深海生物学家布鲁斯·罗宾逊说，它们眼睛的色素可以让鱼区分阳光和生物发光。这有助于桶眼鱼清楚地看到试图抹去它们的影子的动物。
The barreleye’s tubular eyes are extremely sensitive and take in a lot of light, which is useful in theinkydepths of the twilight zone. But Robison wasinitiallymystifiedthat their eyes seemed fixed upwards on the small spot of water, right above their heads. “It always puzzled me that their eyes aimed upward, but the field of view did not include their mouths,” says Robison. Imagine trying to eat scraps of food floating in front of you, while fixing your eyes on the ceiling.
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桶眼鱼的管状眼睛非常敏感，能吸收大量的光线，这在海底深处很有用。但罗宾逊最初感到迷惑的是，它们的眼睛似乎一直盯着头顶上方的那个小水点。罗宾逊说：“它们的眼睛向上瞄准，但视野中却不包括它们的嘴，这一直让我感到困惑。”想象一下，你试着吃着漂浮在你面前的食物残渣，眼睛却盯着天花板。
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